Apr
18
Filed Under (Culture, Politics, Theology) by Brent on 25-04-2007

Ours is a cultural climate of much diffulty for Christians trying to think and act biblically. How are Christians to pursue peace (Matthew 5:9, etc.) in a time of war? How should we submit to those in authority when we may or may not agree with their policies (1 Peter 2:13, etc.)? How can we best encourage biblical thought and dialogue without generating more heat than light even on sensitive issues? I genuinely struggle with many of these issues and I suspect that I’m not alone.

Today I want to try and think biblically about some of the rhetoric that has surrounded our invasion/liberation of Iraq and the particular methods used to justify preemptive military action. I believe that it is possible to support our authorities while also questioning some of their methods in light of Scripture. My point is not particularly to argue against the invasion itself. My point is not to foster political unrest. My point is to encourage us to apply the Gospel to all of life, including how we think about these current situations. Christians must continually be willing to ask when and where our country’s policies do or do not align with Scripture, particularly when our Commander in Chief himself is a believer.

Throughout the 2004 election, Bush and Cheney both characterized John Kerry as “soft” on miliatary issues/”the war on terror” and equated electing him with laying the foundation for a “devestating” terrorist attack“. In short, they played long on the fear of another 09/11 attack. But this use of fear goes back in Bush’s rhetoric even to his announcement of the initial invasion of Iraq in which he began: “My fellow citizens, at this hour, American and coalition forces are in the early stages of military operations to disarm Iraq, to free its people and to defend the world from grave danger (italics mine).” Bush went on to warn that “In this conflict, America faces an enemy who has no regard for conventions of war or rules of morality.” During a July 2004 press conference, Bush remarked:

America’s determination to actively oppose the threats of our time was formed and fixed on September the 11th, 2001. On that day we saw the cruelty of the terrorists, and we glimpsed the future they intend for us. They intend to strike the United States to the limits of their power. They seek weapons of mass destruction to kill Americans on an even greater scale. And this danger is increased when outlaw regimes build or acquire weapons of mass destruction and maintain ties to terrorist groups.

This is our danger, but not our fate. America has the resources and the strength and the resolve to overcome this threat. We are waging a broad and unrelenting war against terror, and an active campaign against proliferation. We refuse to live in fear. We are making steady progress.

It’s interesting that, while saying “We refuse to live in fear,” Bush actually seems to be using fear as a motivator and justifcation for his military actions. This brings up some interesting questions when the President in question is a Christian. Yes, as he said in a 2005 address, he is responsible to make the decisions he believes will protect the people under his watch and for that, I commend him. He is a man of decisive action and conviction and for that I respect him greatly. He is willing to stand by his convictions even in the face of declining popularity polls. Conviction is hard to come by and we must commend it when we find it. However, as a Christian, while respecting Bush, I also question some of his methods.

Is fear an acceptable motivating factor for Christians to either bow to or to use on others? We are certainly to fear God (Psalm 2:11; 5:7; 19:9; 22:23, Proverbs 1:7; 3:7, etc., etc. etc.). Fear of the Lord at least in part entails the recognition of Who He is as God and His Divine, Sovereign rule over all. It is then upon the character of God, the fear of God that we are continually told not to fear other things. Jesus tells us not to be anxious (Matthew 6:25-34). God Himself tells Abram not to fear because God is his shield (Genesis 15:1). Joshua repeatedly tells the Israelites not to fear because God is for them (Joshua 10:25, 11:6, etc.). Both the Psalms (Psalm 27:3, 46, 118:6, etc.) and the Prophets (Isaiah 44:8, Jeremiah 30:10; 42:11, Joel 2:21-23, etc.) admonish God’s people not to fear. Several Scriptures go so far as to remind us directly not to fear men (Psalm 118:6, Matthew 10:28, Romans 8:31, Hebrews 13:6, etc.) while reminding us that salvation casts out fear from the believer (Romans 8:15, 2 Timothy 1:7, 1 John 4:18, etc.). Jesus, quite often explicitly told His disciples not to be afraid because of Who He is (Matthew 14:27, 17:7, 28:10, etc.). Ultimately, fear is disbelief of God and it is sin.

As Edward T. Welch notes in his book When People Are Big and God is Small: “However you put it, fear of man can be summarized this way: We replace God with people. Instead of a biblically guided fear of the Lord, we fear others.” It can be appropriate for a pastor to motivate people with the fear of the Lord. It is even possible to appropriately motivate using the fear of hell and judgment. But what are we to make of a professing Christian leader who uses fear to motivate politically and justify pre-emptive military action? Yes, our President has a duty to ensure safety, but is it ever appropriate for a Christian, no matter his role, to use fear of military attack as motivation? Fear of man is fear of man whether he possesses weapons of mass destruction or not.

How do we best apply Scriptural principles to situations such as these? The more I think about it, the more I’m struck by how antithetical are the ways of this fallen world and the Kingdom of Christ and how hard it is to live as citizens of heaven (Philippians 3:20) while living as sojourners (Genesis 15:13, 1 Peter 2:11, etc.). How does a leader who truly believes that pre-emptive strike is the best protection not motivate through fear? Does this by necessity rule out pre-emptive military action on the part of Believers? Can American-style politics/foreign policy at this point truly be separated from fear as a motivator and if not, what does that mean for Christians as participants? Even our elections are not played out in terms of fear that the “wrong” candidate will win. How can we as Christians stand humbly yet boldy in the face of so much fear?

In the end, I’m sure that I have raised more questions than I have answered. But I also think that issues such as these serve to show just how ill-prepared many of us, including myself are to bring biblical principles to bear on every situation we encounter. Issues such as these remind us that it’s not always bad to raise questions as long as we’re looking for the answers in the right place. I know that I want to think biblically and consistently about such issues and that we all need to remember how easy it is to criticize and how difficult it is to pray for those we find so easy to criticize.

  • Read When People Are Big and God is Small: Overcoming Peer Pressure, Codependency, and the Fear of Man by Edward T. Welch
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Comments:
12 Comments posted on "The Fear of War and The War of Fear"
GUNNY HARTMAN on April 18th, 2007 at 1:51 pm #

If Brent blogs about the war in Iraq, the terrorists have already won.


Jim on April 18th, 2007 at 2:21 pm #

Admit it, Brent. There’s some part of you that isn’t comfortable with the lovefest that’s usually on your blog, so you’re prone to break it up every once in a while. :o)

Seriously though, I’m having a bit of trouble understanding what you’re driving at or advocating. I think some of the confusion is because the scriptures you cite are relating to the “micro” situations of our personal lives, not the “macro” realm of states and war.

For instance, we are told to turn the other cheek and to return kindness to our enemies in the micro realm. However, let’s say that after 9-11, President Bush quoted those verses and refused to attack the Taliban and Al Qaeda. It would be a travesty since God has called leaders to prosecute justice.

Similarly, I’m reading much of your analysis regarding the fear of man as a non sequitur. If a President identifies a gathering threat and most of the world’s intelligence communities agree with the assessment, what is he supposed to say about it? When a nation receives explicit threats to our lives, should we not gear up for war because it’s “giving into fear”? I’m not trying to be rhetorical here. Your post is really confusing me.

The events of Virginia Tech are another opportunity to test our thoughts on fear. Criticism of the college administration is starting, saying that they failed to notify the campus quickly that a murderer may be on the loose.

Or what about Katrina? Were the federal, state, and local authorities violating some biblical precept by telling residents of NOLA to get out because their lives were at risk?

On another level, I think it’s too broad to say that fear is automatically “disbelief of God” and “sin”. Were the students at V-Tech heaping sin on themselves and disbelieving in God as they attempted to flee and barricade the doors to their classrooms? I think not.

I think that the larger issue is when we have fear, where do we go with it? Do we let it rule us in a permanent way and stop us from doing what God has called us to do because there will be consequences from other men?

I read many of the passages about fear and anxiety as God tenderly comforting us in our frailty rather than condemning our wickedness.

The Lord is at hand; do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God. And the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.

Philippians 4:5-7


Brent on April 18th, 2007 at 3:57 pm #

I think the critical difference between the VA shootings, Katrina and Iraq was our use of pre-emptive military force. That’s the main issue I’m wrestling with. There are many Christians who argue that the invasion does not meet the criteria set by traditional “Just War” theory which prompts the question (at least for me) of using fear as a motivator in actions that many Christians not only question but oppose.


Jim on April 18th, 2007 at 4:50 pm #

I’m still not seeing what you’re proposing that a leader of a country should say instead? You’re posing the question:

it ever appropriate for a Christian, no matter his role, to use fear of military attack as motivation?

What other rationale could be used to build the case for war, other than fear of attack? None of us would say that conquest for territory and wealth is a legitimate motivator. If you don’t have another motivator that you consider valid, then shouldn’t your question be, “it ever appropriate for a Christian to lead a country to war?”

I think President Bush has actually not gone far enough to depict the ideology we’re up against. He didn’t use the phrase “Islamic fascists” until August 10, 2006, almost five years after 9-11. Instead, his language had been rather soft up until that point, maintaining that Islam is a religion of peace.

If President Bush has been avidly crafting an environment of fear for the last 5 years, where are the signs? Our brave military families have made sacrifices to defend us, but the rest of us are hard pressed to name even a single way our lives have been altered.


Brent Jeffrey Thomas on April 18th, 2007 at 8:51 pm #

I think that we often forget that nations like Britain and France also had very troubling intelligence with regard to Iraq’s WMD’s, and Saddam had, we all know, openly, heinously used these before (on his Khurdish population). Countries which opposed our pursuits with regard to enacting justice duly authorized by the UN, like France and Russia, were unethical trading partners with Iraq, at least partially motivated by greed.
Bush’s rhetoric, which uses fear, is as sloppy as much of his communication, but in his policies and actions he was not acting alone. Britain, Italy, Spain, Australia, Denmark, Japan, and several other nations were involved in this along with us, and the issue is perhaps more complex than we often discuss. We often forget to remember our long involvement in enforcing UN mandates against a constantly in-violation Iraq, which led to this war. For instance, during the Clinton Admin. Iraq had been repeatedly bellicose after the Kuwait liberation, blocked inspectors, etc. With that in mind, it really isn’t, perhaps, as much Bush’s War as we might sometimes think.


Brent Jeffrey Thomas on April 18th, 2007 at 9:04 pm #

I agree with Jim about the home front being free of fear. I am sad to say this, but when I weary of watching news for a few days, now and then, in such times I have no real sense at all that my country is at war. I think that it is a profound Bush failure that I can honestly write such an observation. Sun Tsu advises one to know one’s enemy, but this administration has dulled our awareness with political correctness, status-quo-consumerism-at-all-cost, etc. (A similar dullness on a spiritual level has been happening among we Christians).


Dan Trabue on April 23rd, 2007 at 2:03 pm #

“What other rationale could be used to build the case for war, other than fear of attack?”

This is why the whole notion of pre-emptive attack is extremely questionable if not outright rejected by Just War Theory.

What rationale? An attack. Not fear of an attack, which can be just about anything (see Iraq), but an actual attack.

But doesn’t that mean that we might get hurt? Yes. But then, a pre-emptive attack also might mean we get hurt, right?

It’s not a safe world we live in. We can’t use fear as a deciding factor in implementing military force.


Jim on April 23rd, 2007 at 10:02 pm #

What rationale? An attack. Not fear of an attack, which can be just about anything (see Iraq), but an actual attack.

War is always about removing fear of a future attack. Its objective must be the devastation of an enemy’s ability to threaten our life and liberty, not just lobbing a few retributive missiles after they’ve already wiped out a significant number of our countrymen. If we forget that fact, war will always be futile. This principle is true whether we have merely identified the threat or if it has already materialized.

This is not fear in the sense of a personal, subjective emotion. This is a nation’s aversion to seeing its citizens slaughtered by enemies that have declared their support for the destruction of the United States and have pledged themselves to that end.

This is the reason why America has been steadfast in its historical rejection of the No First Strike doctrine. It is why Republicans will continue to dominate the Presidential races. While liberals have made peace with the notion of us absorbing an attack, the rest of us aren’t going to let them risk our lives and families like that.


Dan Trabue on April 24th, 2007 at 9:33 am #

“This is the reason why America has been steadfast in its historical rejection of the No First Strike doctrine.”

? We’ve rejected the notion of No First Strike? I’d say that this is something that Americans embrace and part of why people have so soundly and across the board rejected Bush’ preemptive attack on Iraq.

The conservative notion of prudence tells us that we are limited in our genius and not sure of what results our actions may have. And therefore, JWT and classic conservatism reject this notion of No First Strike.

When have we ever embraced a First Strike approach before this invasion? I suppose Reagan’s support of the Contra war in Nicaragua might fit that scenario, but there again, you have a widespread rejection of what Reagan’s administration supported in Central America in the 80s.


Jim on April 24th, 2007 at 3:28 pm #

Thanks for interacting, Dan. Forgive me for muddying the waters with the introduction of a Cold War nuclear term into our discussion of this war. (see more at wikipedia) I’m referencing how for decades the USSR and China were willing to declare no-first-use, but the USA would not do it officially. Even the Clinton administration would not give China a no-first-use guarantee when it signed a non-targeting agreement, meaning only that the nukes were not coded to hit each other, though they could be reprogrammed in a matter of minutes.

The comparison I’m making is that we don’t agree to absorb nuke attacks before responding with nukes (hence no-first-strike in its nuclear context).

I was saying that we need to appropriate that mindset not just for nukes, but for non-nuclear warfare in an unprecedented type of conflict where a global network of enemies are sometimes sponsored and hosted by governments like Afghanistan and Iraq.


Dan Trabue on April 24th, 2007 at 3:35 pm #

Thanks for the clarification.

Nonetheless, I reject that notion as horribly immoral. I fully understand that reasoning (we don’t want to be devastated) but war is too serious to go around first-striking based on our best guess of someone else’s intent.

We’re just too fallen in our nature to safely do so. Either out of plain ignorance or stupidity (”We THOUGHT they might attack us…whoops! We were wrong”) or out of malice (”If we nuke them, then we’ll have more clear access to OUR oil”), there’s too much likelihood that first strikes would be abused.

I don’t trust gov’t enough to give them that sort of leeway. And I believe that the majority of the US is with me on this - which is why Iraq has been such an unpopular war. We clearly think it morally wrong and logically wrongheaded.

Seems to me.


HB on May 5th, 2007 at 1:58 pm #

I am not a politician nor a soldier. Some think I am not a Christian. But I am a man and unfortunately I have some personal experience with fighting. Hard experience teachs one to avoid fights. Hard experience also teachs one that if a fight is about to occur, don’t wait for Marquis and Queensbury to read the rule but sieze the initative and strike as your first opportunity will be your best. Fight hard and fight to win. That is the best way to end things quickly with the least number of injuries to the least number of people. Fighting is about winning because getting beaten behind a warehouse or on the battlefield is bad for you and bad for those who depend upon you. There is no “just” war. There is just war. If we could have destroyed the Japanese navy at anchor in Toyko harbor before they set sail for Pearl Harbor the entire world would have been much better off. Maybe being squeemish about doing hard things is a luxury those responsible to lead can not afford.


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